- 14 Adar
- 15 Adar in Jerusalem, called Shushan Purim
- Reading of the Megillah
Where it began
The Book of Esther tells how Queen Esther and her cousin Mordecai stopped a plan by the royal official Haman to harm the Jews of Persia.
Purim means lots, after the lots Haman is said to have cast to choose a day. The book itself asks for the days to be kept with feasting, gifts of food and gifts to the poor.
How it grew over time
Ancient Persia
The Book of Esther sets the days of Purim.
Rabbinic period
Rules for reading the Megillah and the four mitzvot of Purim are set down.
Medieval Europe
Purim plays and costumes become popular.
Today
Jewish communities worldwide keep Purim with readings, parties and charity.
How it is celebrated in different places
Israel
Street parades called Adloyada fill towns with costumes and music.
US and Europe
Synagogues hold lively readings where children make noise at Haman's name.
Communities worldwide
Families bake triangle cookies called hamantaschen.
Purim today
People listen to the Megillah, send baskets of food called mishloach manot to friends, give gifts to the poor and share a festive meal. Children and adults dress in costumes.
