- 1 November
- De facto transfer in 1954
- Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe, Yanam
- De jure transfer in 1962
Where it began
The French set up a trading post at Pondicherry in the 17th century, and it became the capital of the French settlements in India.
After India became independent in 1947, people in the settlements worked for union with India. Leaders and freedom fighters led a long and peaceful movement.
India and France agreed on the transfer, and on 1 November 1954 the settlements were handed over in practice. The treaty was formally completed in 1962, and Puducherry became a Union Territory.
How it grew over time
1674
The French set up their settlement at Pondicherry.
1947 to 1954
People of the settlements work for union with India.
1954
On 1 November the settlements are handed over in practice to India.
1962
The formal transfer is completed, and Puducherry later becomes a Union Territory.
Today
The day is a holiday with flag hoisting and honours for freedom fighters.
How it is celebrated in different places
Puducherry town
Flag hoisting, a parade and cultural programmes on the beach road.
Karaikal
Schools and offices hold functions and honour local freedom fighters.
Mahe
The small settlement on the Kerala coast marks the day with programmes.
Yanam
The settlement in Andhra Pradesh holds its own celebrations.
Puducherry Liberation Day moments
Puducherry Liberation Day today
Government buildings are lit, flags are hoisted, and freedom fighters are honoured. Families walk the seaside promenade in the evening, enjoying a town that keeps both Tamil temples and French streets.
