- 31 August
- Independence of Malaya, 1957
- Malaysia Day on 16 September
Where it began
Merdeka means freedom or independence in Malay. On 31 August 1957, Tunku Abdul Rahman, the first Prime Minister, read the declaration of independence at Merdeka Stadium in Kuala Lumpur and raised the cry of Merdeka seven times.
In 1963, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore joined Malaya to form Malaysia, which is marked on Malaysia Day, 16 September. Singapore left in 1965.
How it grew over time
1946
The Malayan Union was set up, and leaders began working towards self-rule.
1957
Malaya became independent on 31 August.
1963
Malaysia was formed on 16 September.
Today
The day is marked with a national parade and celebrations across the country.
How it is celebrated in different places
Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya
The national parade takes place with marching groups, floats and flypasts.
Towns and villages
Homes, cars and shops fly the Jalur Gemilang flag.
Sabah and Sarawak
Communities join in with their own cultural shows.
Malaysia National Day (Merdeka) moments
Malaysia National Day (Merdeka) today
In the weeks before, flags appear on houses, buildings and cars. On the eve, people gather to count down to midnight, and the day itself brings parades, music and family meals.
Shopping centres and schools hold events that show the country's mix of Malay, Chinese, Indian and indigenous cultures.
